Splenomegaly - definition, causes and symptoms
What is Splenomegaly, Definition and Causes
An enlarged SPLEEN. Splenomegaly signals an underlying health condition and is not itself a disorder. The spleen is a structure of lymphatic tissue. One of its key roles is to remove old or damaged BLOOD cells from circulation. Many circumstances and health conditions that cause increased numbers of blood cells in the circulation can also cause splenomegaly. These range from systemic infections, such as infectious mononucleosis, to blood disorders, such as THROMBOCYTHEMIA, to cancers, such as LEUKEMIA and LYMPHOMA. Some people feel a sense of uncomfortable fullness with splenomegaly, though most people are unaware of the condition until a doctor detects it.
There is no specific treatment for splenomegaly; so treatment targets the underlying cause. Splenomegaly significant enough to extend the spleen beyond the protective boundary of the rib cage presents a risk for injury resulting in hemorrhage, as the spleen contains about 4 percent of the body’s total blood volume and a third of its platelets (the cells responsible for clotting).
| CONDITIONS IN WHICH SPLENOMEGALY MAY OCCUR | |
|---|---|
| AMYLOIDOSIS | ANEMIA |
| CIRRHOSIS | congestive HEART FAILURE |
| HEPATITIS | leishmaniasis |
| LEUKEMIA | LEUKOPENIA |
| LYMPHOMA | MALARIA |
| MONONUCLEOSIS, INFECTIOUS | MULTIPLE MYELOMA |
| MYELOFIBROSIS | POLYCYTHEMIA VERA |
| PORTAL HYPERTENSION | psittacosis |
| SARCOIDOSIS | SICKLE CELL DISEASE |
| SYPHILIS | SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE) |
| THALASSEMIA | THROMBOCYTHEMIA |
| THROMBOCYTOPENIA | TUBERCULOSIS |
See also HEPATOMEGALY; SPLENECTOMY.
